Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a type of arrhythmia (irregular heart beat). It often has no symptoms however some people experience palpitations (heart flutters), angina (chest pain), dizziness or fainting. During AF, the heart’s upper chambers, the atria, quiver instead of beating effectively. This means that blood is not completely pumped out of the atria, so it may pool and form a clot. If part of this clot leaves the heart and becomes lodged in the brain, it causes a stroke.

A review of past studies from the US has shown that women are more likely than men to suffer symptomatic attacks of AF (e.g. chest pains, palpitations), a higher frequency of recurrences and significantly higher heartbeat rates during AF, increasing their risk of stroke. After identifying the differences in AF between men and women, the researchers were able to make some recommendations on the best way to manage the condition.

In 2009, Australians will suffer around 60,000 new and recurrent strokes, making it our nation’s second biggest killer after heart disease. Jean Hailes Director of Research, Prof Helena Teede advises women to be aware of the risks predisposing them to stroke and take steps to minimise their risk where possible. “Have regular cholesterol, blood sugar and blood pressure checks, maintain a healthy weight, participate in regular physical activity, eat foods low in fat and salt and high in fibre, and quit smoking; these are all excellent ways to reduce your risk of stroke. If major risk factors are identified including hypertension, abnormal cholesterol, diabetes or AF, there are very effective medical therapies that can reduce the associated stroke risk.”

Content Updated October 19, 2009